Difference and Similarities in Browning’s poetry

In these sonnets Browning gives us an understanding into minds defiled by desire. Examine how Browning utilizes the emotional monolog to uncover the characters of the storytellers, and stun the perusers. Which did you find generally stunning and why? An emotional monolog is s sort of sonnet. It resembles a discourse which uncovers a character's idea and emotions. The artist assumes the job of this character and talks as them. All sensational monologs are written in the main individual. The impact of this is to make the sonnet progressively close to home. Robert Browning composed his monologs in the nineteenth Century. â€Å"My Last Duchess† was set in fourteenth Century in Italy in a man centric culture. â€Å"Porphyria's Lover† was set in nineteenth Century in England and in conclusion â€Å"The Laboratory† was set in eighteenth Century in France. Robert Browning's sonnets were mainstream in light of the fact that in the Victorians times it was a male centric culture and the individuals who lived in the Victorian occasions were exacting and furthermore had a confined life. Subsequently perusing this in those occasions would have been particularly peculiar and surprising to find out about maniacal individuals executing their friends and family. Peruse this Respiratory Activity The likenesses between the attributes of the storytellers in the three sonnets. The primary closeness is that the three sonnets have upset storytellers who treat their darlings as a belonging. In â€Å"Porphyria's Lover† we know this when he lets us know: â€Å"Give herself to me† this discloses to us that he just needs her to himself and nobody else while in â€Å"My Last Duchess† we know this when he lets us know: â€Å"since none puts by the blind I have drawn for you yet I† this discloses to us that he is possessive much after her demise however in â€Å"The Laboratory† the storyteller reveals to us that she needs to harm two females yet additionally needs the ruler to endure by saying: â€Å"He makes certain to recollect her perishing face† this discloses to us that despite the fact that she doesn't need him dead she needs him to endure as much as the two female who will be harmed. Also another comparability is that each of the three sonnets the three storytellers don't have any feeling of blame for what they have done. They additionally think they have pulled off the homicide and that they didn't do anything incorrectly or need to lament for anything. In â€Å"Porphyria's Lover† he lets us know: â€Å"and yet God has not said a word.† This reveals to us that he feels that he hasn't done anything incorrectly in light of the fact that he has not been rebuffed by God yet. In â€Å"My Last Duchess† he lets us know: â€Å"Will't please you rise? We'll meet the organization below.† This gives us that he has no feelings, he's controlling and has an ordinary tone and loose about what he has done. In â€Å"The Laboratory† she doesn't feel any blame for what she is doing and for what she is going to do, we know this by: â€Å"And her bosom and her arms and her hands, should drop dead!† this gives us this is the manner in which she needs her passing to seem as though; she says this in a whimsical way and furthermore like a kid getting truly energized. Another closeness is that the storyteller in â€Å"My Last Duchess† and â€Å"Porphyria's Lover† don't have any feeling of blame for what they have done. They likewise think they have pulled off the homicide and that they didn't do anything incorrectly or need to lament for anything. In â€Å"Porphyria's Lover† he lets us know: â€Å"and yet God has not said a word.† This discloses to us that he imagines that he hasn't done anything incorrectly in light of the fact that he has not been rebuffed by God yet. In â€Å"My Last Duchess† he lets us know: â€Å"Will't please you rise? We'll meet the organization below.† This gives us that he has no feelings, he's controlling and has a typical tone and loose about what he has done. Ultimately, another closeness is that all storytellers decide not to speak with their darlings and they never let them recognize what's up. In â€Å"My Last Duchess† the Duke lets us know: â€Å"I pick never to stoop† this reveals to us that he will never get down and speak with the Duchess. In â€Å"Porphyria's Lover† the darling lets us know: â€Å"When no voice replied† this discloses to us that he has the force and that he would not like to answer her, this additionally reveals to us that he needs to have the force with the goal that she needs to satisfy him. There are likewise contrasts between the qualities of the storytellers in the three sonnets. The main contrast is that the casualties were completely killed in various manners. In â€Å"My Last Duchess† the duke doesn't perpetrate the wrongdoing himself yet provide a little order and the homicide is submitted, we can see this when the duke says: â€Å"I gave commands† this discloses to us that he provided the order and the request was done without examining about it. In â€Å"Porphyria's Lover† the executioner kills the sweetheart utilizing the casualty own hair and discloses to us that the casualty was in no torment, we can see this when he let us know: â€Å"And choked her. No agony felt she. I am very certain she felt no pain† this discloses to us that he choked her and that she felt no torment, he additionally consoles the perusers that the casualty felt no torment. In â€Å"The Laboratory† the casualties are slaughtered utilizing the toxin that was made before her at the pharmacist, we can see this when she says: â€Å"Sure to taste sweet, is that poison too?† this discloses to us that she believes that vengeance tastes sweet. Another distinction is that the lady in â€Å"Porphyria's Lover† is all the more explicitly dynamic and makes the primary move, we can see this when the storyteller lets us know: â€Å"She put my arm around her midsection, And made her smooth white shoulder bare† this discloses to us that she seems enticing and she's mindful of her capacity. Where as in â€Å"My Last Duchess† the Duchess was substantially more unobtrusive and unwavering, we can see this when the Duke lets us know: â€Å"She had a heart-by what method will I say?† this reveals to us that the Duchess was faithful to the Duke and didn't generally show up explicitly dynamic towards him or others. Another distinction is that in each of the two of the sonnets â€Å"Porphyria's Lover† and â€Å"The Laboratory† the two of them have a purpose behind envy were as in â€Å"My Last Duchess† he doesn't have motivation to be desirous. In â€Å"Porphyria's Lover† the sweetheart had motivation to be desirous in light of the fact that she had another man, we know this by: â€Å"one so pale for adoration for her† this discloses to us that she had another darling while she was with this sweetheart and furthermore in â€Å"The Laboratory† the storyteller reveals to us that the ruler has another darling, we know this when she says: â€Å"He is with her† this discloses to us that the ruler was with another sweetheart simultaneously as he was with the storyteller though in â€Å"My Last Duchess† there is no purpose behind the Duke to kill his better half as she isn't being unfaithful to him yet simply being neighborly and furthermore acknowledge for the presents she gets from others, we know this by: â€Å"The branch of fruits some impertinent numb-skull broke in the plantation for her †¦. Or on the other hand become flushed at least† this reveals to us that she would become flushed from a current given to her from anybody; she did so in light of the fact that she needed to be benevolent and well disposed. In this sonnet there are various intentions in every one of the crazy executioners to kill. In the main sonnet the thought process in killing his better half in â€Å"My Last Duchess† is that the Duke possibly executes his significant other in light of the fact that she gives blameless grins when she's being offered a present yet this is simply because she has great habits and needed to be benevolent and amicable, we can see this by: â€Å"The limb of fruits some impertinent imbecile broke in the plantation for her †¦.. Or on the other hand redden at least† this discloses to us that the Duchess got killed in view of an innocuous grin given to the individual contribution her a little endowment of fruits while in â€Å"Porphyria's Lover† the storyteller has a rationale since his sweetheart has another man, we can see this when he let us know: â€Å"one so pale for adoration for her† this discloses to us that the sweetheart despite the fact that she has the executioner as a darling she despite everything had another darling however we don't have a clue whether she adored the darling as much as she cherished the executioner. In â€Å"The Laboratory† the storyteller likewise has a thought process which is that the lord had another sweetheart while he had the storyteller, we can see this by: â€Å"He is with her; and they realize that I know† this discloses to us that the lord has another sweetheart and the two of them realize that the executioner knows however aren't generally being worried about her knowing. In each of the three sonnets the storytellers don't feel regretful about the wrongdoings they submitted. We can see this in the sonnet â€Å"Porphyria's Lover† he lets us know: â€Å"and yet God has not said a word.† This discloses to us that he believes that he hasn't done anything incorrectly on the grounds that he has not been rebuffed by God yet. In â€Å"My Last Duchess† he lets us know: â€Å"Will't please you rise? We'll meet the organization below.† This gives us that he has no feelings, he's controlling and has an ordinary tone and loose about what he has done. In â€Å"The Laboratory† she doesn't feel any blame for what she is doing and for what she is going to do, we know this by: â€Å"And her bosom and her arms and her hands, should drop dead!† this gives us this is the manner in which she needs her demise to appear as though; she says this in an immature way and furthermore like a kid getting truly energized. The speaker which is most stunning is â€Å"Porphyria's Lover† on the grounds that in this sonnet he depicts the manner in which he murder the people in question. The manner in which the casualties' homicide is portrayed is appalling as he depicts it in an unforgiving manner. We can see this by: â€Å"In one long yellow string I wound multiple times her little throat around, and choked her† this is a cruel method to portray the passing as the read

Boston Massacre Essays (935 words) - Boston Massacre, Thomas Preston

Boston Massacre John Hancock expressed ?Let this pitiful story of death never be told without a tear; let not the hurling chest stop to ignite with a masculine irateness at the uncouth story . . .? during his speech of the slaughter on 5 March 1774. The ?Boston Massacre? as it was called, was truly not a slaughter as in many individuals were butchered, it was a slaughter as in British government's position was not to be endured. During the following eighteen months, strains between the Colonists and the British would increment. On a chilly morning in February 1770, eleven-year old Christopher Seider was one of a few hundred grown-ups and adolescents encompassing the place of ebenezer Richardson. Richardson was a known Tory source for the British traditions magistrates. Crowd showings fighting the Townshend Acts were normal, some unconstrained and some sorted out. At Richardson's home the group was getting wild and begun breaking windows and one stone tossed hit Richardson's better half. Richardson got an emptied flintlock and pushed it through one of the messed up windows. Seeing the gun just appeared to stoke the shoot and the group thumped down the front entryway. Richardson stacked and terminated into the crowd lethally injuring Seider who kicked the bucket that night. Four days after Sieder's burial service, a British trooper named Thomas Walker of the 29th Regiment asked about an occupation at John Gray's Ropewalk. It was regular for a British trooper to moonlight while off the clock to enhance their livelihoods. Ropemaker William Green told Walker ?to go clean the toilet?. Because of the affront, a fistfight broke out among Walker and Green . Walker was beaten gravely and whenever he got the opportunity ran and enrolled a portion of his British looks into the battle. The quarrel was reestablished and the officers were bested once more. The main advantaged to either side picked up from the quarrel was a couple of a throbbing painfulness. On Monday 5 March 1770, Private Hugh White of the 29th Regiment was careful obligation at the guard box on King Street close to the Custom House. Being that the King's charges and gold were made sure about at the Custom House made this guard obligation even more high hazard to the British. Skipper Goldfinch, an official of the 29th Regiment, was being provoked by a few residents for not taking care of his tabs to neighborhood traders. Private White recouping from the clash the earlier night was not going to let the crooks trouble Captain Goldfinch. In light of the put-down, Private White butt-stroked an adolescent by the name of Edward Garrick. More than fifty townspeople began to assemble and move both White and Goldfinch to battle. As the group got bigger, the British warriors understood that the circumstance was going to detonate. Skipper Thomas Preston's record of the slaughter is the main authority report on the occasions of the fifth of March 1770. Skipper Preston, Officer of the Guard, heard that a group had framed before the Custom Hose and that the gatekeepers were hollering for help. As indicated by his record of the occurrence Preston expressed ?That he quickly hurried to the Custom House and framed his men in arrangement to forestall any damage to the watchmen or potentially decimation to the watchman post.? Skipper and his men at that point fixed pikes and started to jab and goad the horde away from the post. He at that point attempted to walk his men back to the security of their sleeping enclosure, however the group would not permit them to do as such. Tory supporters hollered from all around the road for the troopers to shoot their weapons. Preston attempted to scatter the group while whistles, for example, ? Fire and be cursed? were shouted at the British officers. Meanwhile, Captain Preston was requesting his fighters ?Don't fire, Don't fire? The breaker was lit when a stick flew from the group and hit Private Montgomery in the face. Montgomery irritated leveled his black powder rifle and discharged into the group. Everything hushed up for a second, and afterward the group flooded forward into the segment of troopers. It isn't sure about to what extent the terminating proceeded. Onlooker's have said somewhere in the range of 15 seconds to

Eating Disorders in Twins and Multiples

Eating Disorders in Twins and Multiples Eating Disorders Print Eating Disorders and Twins By Pamela Prindle Fierro Pamela Prindle Fierro is the author of several parenting books and the mother of twin girls.   Learn about our editorial policy Pamela Prindle Fierro Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Joel Forman, MD on February 29, 2016 Joel Forman, MD, is a board-certified pediatrician and associate professor of pediatrics, environmental medicine, and public health at Mount Sinai School of Medicine. Learn about our Medical Review Board Joel Forman, MD Updated on February 04, 2020 James Woodson/Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Symptoms Treatment Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention Is there an association between eating disorders and twins? A quick scan of headlines often seems to link the two subjects, especially with famous and celebrity twins. Did their status as twins have anything to do with their problems? In fact, a 2014 study found that in a survey of more than two million individuals, children that were a multiple were 33 percent more likely to be diagnosed with an eating disorder. Eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa (self-starvation), bulimia nervosa (cycle of binge eating followed with purging by vomiting or use of laxatives) and binge eating (recurrent, compulsive bouts of overeating) are disorders that include extreme emotions, attitudes and behaviors surrounding weight and food issues. While anyone can be a victim of these devastating disorders, the most common sufferers are females in early to mid-adolescence. According to the National Eating Disorder Association  (NEDA), it is estimated that as many as 20 million females and 10 million males suffer from an eating disorder at some point. Causes They are complex conditions that arise from a combination of behavioral, emotional, psychological, interpersonal and social factors. While scientists dont know for sure what causes a person to become unhealthy and anorexic, studying multiples have given them some clues about the genetic impact of the disorder. A study of over 1,000 sets of female twins by the Medical College of Virginia helped scientists identify the risk factors for bulimia. Their research showed that pairs of identical (or monozygotic) twins had a much higher incidence of disorders than fraternal twins. Because identical twins share a genetic link (they have the same DNA), scientists made the connection that heredity plays a role in the disorder.? Some of the other emotional, psychological and environmental factors that cause eating disorders may make twins and multiple particularly susceptible. For example: Feelings of lack of control in lifeHistory of being teased or ridiculed based on sizeCultural norms that value people based on the physical appearance.Overachieving personality Twins are constantly being compared, and often their physical attributes are the basis for comparison and contrast. No matter how much alike they are, the public will always try to distinguish one twin as bigger, thinner, or prettier. Multiples may feel driven to rebel against such labeling or try to gain control over their physical appearance by using food to compensate. Because they are constantly compared to another individual, they may have a distorted body image, always viewing themselves in relation to their co-twin rather than having a true perception of themselves as an individual. Effects of Eating Disorders Eating disorders can be fatal. When someone with anorexic starves herself, her body is denied the essential nutrients it needs to function. The body slows down all its processes to conserve energy, putting the victim at risk for fatigue, weakness, hair loss, muscle loss, bone deterioration and ultimately, heart failure. Bulimia leads to electrolyte imbalances, tooth decay, peptic ulcers, dehydration and can have the potential for gastric rupture, damage to the esophagus, and pancreatitis. Many long-term health risks can be sustained, even after the bulimic ceases her cycle of bingeing and purging such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and heart disease. What Can Parents Do to Protect Their Twins? NEDA makes some recommendations that parents can implement to prevent eating disorders in their children. They include: Educate your kids about weightism and sexism.Avoid overemphasizing beauty and body shape.Discuss the value of a healthy, well-balanced diet combined with moderate exercise.Identify and help children resist the ways that the media presents images based on body type.Promote self-esteem and self-respect by providing opportunities and encouragement. In addition, parents can set a good example for their kids. Dont bemoan the extra pounds of pregnancy or nitpick your bodys flaws in front of your children. Avoid fad dieting, but rather implement a healthy lifestyle for the entire family. Finally, treat your twins or multiples as individuals. Although they cant escape the comparisons inflicted on them by the public, they should feel that they are appreciated for their own merit at home. Avoid emphasizing their physical differences, especially as they grow and develop; rather, celebrate their unique features and abilities.

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Ants, Bees, and Wasps

The Lady with the Pet Dog Free Essays

Comparison of two stories of the same name A story of two lovers in an affair is never a simple thing to understand. Anton Chekhov original and Joyce Carol Oates’s updated version of â€Å"The Lady with the Pet Dog† tells the story of two unhappy individuals trying to find love in a long lasting affair. Both versions of the story are similar in plot, but the different point of view allows readers to view the conflicts and emotions that each character faces, instead of just getting one side of the story. We will write a custom essay sample on The Lady with the Pet Dog or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although both stories follow the same plot, there are many differences that help readers understand the emotions of the protagonist. Chekhov’s version of â€Å"The Lady with the Pet Dog† the main protagonist is a male named Dmitry Gurov. The third person point of view allows readers to only see how Gurov’s emotions throughout the story and not his love interest Anna. Gurov is an unfaithful husband and views women as the â€Å"inferior race† (Chekhov 205). He has been through many affairs in Moscow that he already knows that the affair will grow into an â€Å"extreme complexity† (205) and when the end comes a â€Å"painful situation is created† (205). In Oates version the protagonist is Anna, who is not as timid as she appears in Chekhov’s version. Anna doesn’t know what it feels like to have a bond with a person, because she can’t seem to connect with her husband. The affair allows Anna some freedom from her boring life and allows her to have some purpose in life. Yet she feels guilty for being in an affair with a stranger. The plot in Chekhov’s version is very straight forward being in chronological order, whereas Oates mixes the plot around starting with the climax first. They share the same climax of the theater, but in both stories Anna reacts differently when seeing her lover appear to see her. In Chekhov’s version, Anna is shocked by Gurov’s appearance. She tells him that she is suffering and thinks only about him, but wants to forget everything that happened. Yet she is knows she wants to be with him so she promises to see him in Moscow and tells him to leave. While in Oates’s version, Anna is shocked and very unpleased with seeing her lover, and makes sure he doesn’t come near her. Her lover then calls her, and we see that Anna get frustrated with him for calling her. We can see that Oates was trying to give Anna a little more power in the affair unlike Chekhov. The mix of the plot in Oates’s version I feel allows readers to really understand Anna and her emotions. It would’ve been easier to understand if it was in order, but Oates took the same story and updated it and wrote it in a way that made it much different from Chekhov’s. She gave Anna life and we got to see how the guilt ate at her, while Gurov wasn’t really affected as bad as she was in Chekhov’s. I had to read Oates’s story more than once to get the story into order, which allowed me to think more about Anna’s feelings more then I could do if I only read it once. In both stories the protagonist are stuck in unhappy marriages, but neither actually make an effort to divorce. The setting of Chekhov’s version takes place at the turn of the century, so I feel maybe divorce wasn’t an option for both characters then. Yet Oates had her story take place in the 1970’s, which happened to be a time of feminism, which to my surprise Anna never thought about leaving her husband for her lover. The confusing emotions from an unhappy marriage and guilt drove Anna crazy. She would ponder â€Å"this is fate†¦to be here and not there, to be one person and not another, a certain man’s wife and not the wife of another man† (222). We could tell she just wants to be accepted from someone, and that was her lover. The guilt of cheating even on a broken marriage drove her to tell her lover that she wished that one of her men would die, so it could make things easier on her. In each story we find that the protagonist finds some sort of love in the end of the story. Chekhov’s character Gurov, sees his wife as â€Å"limited intelligence, narrow minded and dowdy† (205). Anna seems to be the opposite of his wife, which makes him even more attractive to her. Gurov has been in many affairs, but each time he was left lonely, because he was focused on looking for the sexual aspect of the relationship and not the emotional. Anna allowed him to open up emotionally, giving him someone to talk to. In the end Gurov knew he was growing old and that he truly for the first time actually loved someone. Oates’s Anna, has been through a lot of confusion never knowing who she loved. She almost commits suicide and gives up on her relationship. It takes her sometime, but she finally learns to accept her lover and the secrets. Anna was looking for her own identity and love, but she had to learn to love herself first before she could love anyone else. With the third person point of view we are limited to so much information, but Oates’s adaption sheds light on the other half of the story. A one sided story would’ve left readers with a lot of questions concerning Anna. It’s like they made the affair seem so easy in Chekhov’s version, but we find out that they struggled just like any couple would. Although the stories shared many similarities they did have their difference in approach. Works Cited Chekhov, Anton. â€Å"The Lady with the Pet Dog. † The Compact Bedford Introduction to Literature. Ed. Michael Meyer. 8th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin;s 2009. 205-16 Oates, Joyce Carol. â€Å"The Lady with the Pet Dog. † The Compact Bedford Introduction to Literature. Ed. Michael Meyer. 8th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin;s 2009. 219-31 How to cite The Lady with the Pet Dog, Papers

Practices Model

Question: Write an essay on Practices Model. Answer: Introduction Practices models are helpful to offer a better framework in order to describe visualise and examine the interrelationship of the key elements of "professional practice." Although all of the models have some limitations, each is developed based on philosophies, which help to describe the scope and nature of the service, therapist interaction and the nature of the client (Austin, 2013). This report is aimed to find out the description and rationale of the therapeutic recreation (TR) and the result of its implementation in a community. Background setting The TR model or Therapeutic Recreation model was introduced in 1995 by Van Andel, Carter and Rob. Often this model is paired with TR Service Outcome Model, which in turn is helpful to increase the merit and worthiness of the TR Services. This service model was developed as a flexible so that this service model could be implemented in any therapeutic recreation setting. The researchers developed this model based on the assumption that leisure as a means as well as an end can coexist. According to Bksi et al. (2011), the aim of the researchers was tried to present intervention either leisure or non-leisure towards the clients. However, the outcome of this model should be "quality of life." According to Anderson Heyne, (2012), the ultimate goal of implementing this model is to empower the clients in order to achieve her or hi desired goals and helped them to experience a sense of mastery, satisfaction, well-being and fulfillment. Target Group The researchers Van Andel, Carter and Rob (1995) developed this model in order to help the patients who are suffering from illness or some particular disabilities. According to the researchers, Recreational Therapy offers services, which are based on individual's lifestyle and interests (Anderson Heyne, 2012). In this paper, the target group is the people of a small community in Queens. The services will be offered towards the children who are physically challenged and help them to achieve physical, social, cognitive and emotional goals. The Therapeutic Recreation will also be offered to those patients who need it most. Types of Services According to Snider et al., 2010, the services of Therapeutic Recreation should be offered based on the interests of individuals in the community. Therefore, before offering the Therapeutic Recreation services, it is important the company conducted a need assessment exercise, which proved as helpful to reveal the current position of the patients or the people who seek Therapeutic Recreation services. The types of services that could be offered may include Private Therapy, offering Friendship Club. In this context, it is important to mention that the focus group of this project should be small, which will be helpful for the service provider to help individual help seekers. Knowledge and professional skills of the service provider Offering Therapeutic Recreation services is not an easy task; therefore, it is important that the service providers should have specific knowledge as well as skills. In the community area, it is found that a large number of children need therapeutic interventions as they are suffering from mental illness as well as physical disabilities. Therefore, the service providers of the Therapeutic Recreation services need to be kind as well as polite towards the children. It is also found from the needs assessment that the children are afraid of unknown people and suffering from social stigma. In order to help these poor children, the professionals need to help them to be involved in socio-cultural programs and engage them in a creative program (Allsop, 2012). The professional should have patients to guide these children and extract the best out of them so that they can start believing in themselves. A friendship club could be formed to help them to be a part of something valuable and the pro fessionals should posses several creative skills to teach them. Service providers of TR There are different health care service providers who are offering Therapeutic Recreation Services in worldwide. One of the most renowned Therapeutic Recreation services is offered by Albert Health services, ATRA (American Therapeutic Recreation Association) and Spaulding Rehabilitation Network. According to Watson et al., (2010), the numbers of Therapeutic Recreation service providers in Australia are also increasing day by day. Summary of the investigation After investigating the progress of Therapeutic Recreation services in Worldwide, it can be said that Australia is keeping pace with the current improvement. The Therapeutic Recreation is a procedure, which utilizes functional intervention, education and helps the patients to meet their cognitive, emotional, physical and social goals (Kunstler Daly, 2010). It is found from the research study that the purpose of the Therapeutic Recreation (TR) is to enable an individual in order to achieve quality life as well as optimal health. The TR professionals work with the person with disabilities and improve the cognitive as well as physical activities (Stumbo Wardlaw, 2011). The TR professionals also help to foster greater involvement in the community and help the poor to strengthen their relationships and interpersonal skills. In this report, a small venture was taken to help the community members in Queens to provide a better life to their children. Although the results were satisfactory, it can be said that the Therapeutic Recreation services offered in this area need to be improved to help more people. Conclusion Offering Therapeutic Recreation services is not an easy task. From the research studies, it is found that the Therapeutic Recreation service providers need to recruit employees who are especially trained to take care of the patients who seek Therapeutic Recreation services. It is recognised that the service seekers are often very delicate and sensitive since they are mentally ill or suffering from physical challenges. Therefore, the service providers need to be very careful and should have a proper knowledge about their patient. Reference Allsop, J. (2012).Assessing the social effects of a therapeutic recreation summer camp for adolescents with chronic illness(Doctoral dissertation, The University of Utah). Anderson, L., Heyne, L. A. (2012).Therapeutic recreation practice: A strengths approach. Venture Pub.. Anderson, L. S., Heyne, L. A. (2012). Flourishing through leisure: An ecological extension of the Leisure and Well-Being Model in therapeutic recreation strengths-based practice.Therapeutic Recreation Journal,46(2), 129. Austin, D. R. (2013). Therapeutic recreation.Urbana,51, 61801. Bksi, A., Trk, S., Kknyei, G., Bokrts, I., Szentes, A., Telepczki, G. (2011). Health-related quality of life changes of children and adolescents with chronic disease after participation in therapeutic recreation camping program.Health and quality of life outcomes,9(1), 1. Carter, M. J., Van Andel, G. E. (2011).Therapeutic recreation: A practical approach. Waveland Press. Kunstler, R. A., Daly, F. S. (2010).Therapeutic recreation leadership and programming. Human Kinetics. Snider, L., Majnemer, A., Darsaklis, V. (2010). Virtual reality as a therapeutic modality for children with cerebral palsy.Developmental Neurorehabilitation,13(2), 120-128. Stumbo, N. J., Wardlaw, B. (Eds.). (2011).Facilitation of therapeutic recreation services: An evidence-based and best practice approach to techniques and processes. Venture Publishing. Watson, A., Hilton, D., Hackett, D. (2010). Therapeutic recreation camps to provide a residential experience for young people in transition to adult renal units.Pediatric Nephrology,25(4), 787-788.

Importance of News in Democracy

A free media is considered as the backbone of any true democracy. It is the most important source of information for the masses that on the other hand are charged with the responsibility of voting. Since the voters base decisions on how to vote based on the information received, the media then becomes a very powerful tool in politics. These institutions identify problems in society.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of News in Democracy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The journalists are always on the lookout for areas of socio political and economic importance with the aim of reporting to the people in order to attract the required responses which may alter the sociopolitical setting of a society. More importantly, the media is the most vocal watchdog charged with the responsibility of unearthing the evils committed by those who wield power. However it is clear that this power is prone to abuse hence r equiring that the media be reasonable so as to maintain democracy. In fact the any democratic society will assume that the media is responsible. A checklist of the most critical democratic functions of the media reveals a wide range of activities. First is the continuous check of the developments in the sociopolitical arena. Secondly, the media offers an unrivalled public platform for the people to debate issues and express themselves especially with the aim of getting the attention of those in power. It also offers a chance for the citizens to learn, make choices and participate more in the political process. In doing this they have to persistently resist any interference from outside aimed at invading their independence hence advance own interests. It is however emerging that these functions are not being fully met. There are concerns that the most powerful media are controlled by a few multinational with both political as well as economic agenda. News has been slowly transformed from being informative to pure entertainment. More emphasis is now on sex, violence, scandals and celebrity gossip. According to critics, these have little or no value in informing and educating the viewers. This subverts the democratic ideology advanced through such means. Even when issues of politics are covered, it is clear that focus is more on personalities instead of ideology.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In absence of issue based news, the electorate is exposed to skewed political propaganda which not only misinforms them but also makes them cynical and disinterested in politics. In other areas it has been observed that the watchdogs bark at the wrong things. The news coverage of scandals in private lives of celebrities, politicians and other such issues is done in full ignorance of the consequences (Curran, 2005, p99). The news is now more often than not heightenin g fear for the wrong things. Minor hazards are often blown out of proportion leading to extra ordinary resources being allocated towards eliminating such hazards. This is done at the expense of more deserving dangers in society which go unnoticed but continue to pose danger to the society. Again, there has been failure in the news to adequately cover wrongs in certain industries. The tobacco industry is one such industry. Advertisers appear to have put lots of pressure on media to suppress information relating to the hazards of smoking. In addition, some mass media including magazines especially those targeting the women promote dubious health products hence conspiring with manufacturers to swindle billions from consumers. All these claims have been fairly studied and seen to be largely true. This then necessitates a review of the way democracy works and the power of media in subverting democracy. The social and political outcomes of misinformation by the media are not yet fully exh austed. The outcomes on the democratic process due to commercialization of news are numerous. The development of the society is influenced in many ways. This creates the need to integrate findings from different disciplines to address the problem (Curran, 2005, p99). The economic factor Most media channels are privately owned and hence are pure investments requiring sustainable revenues to guarantee returns. For most of them, a greater percentage of revenues are generated through sponsorships and advertisements. This being the case, the newspaper, and TV and radio stations will definitely seek to best satisfy the specific interests of those who guarantee their revenue. These interests however are not in many ways similar to the interest of the viewers, readers and listeners. The predominant assumption among economists is that a free market benefits that entire society as it gives opportunity for more players meaning that there is higher differentiation and at a competitive price. Th is reasoning dictates much of the western media policies today. However, it is also clear that full competition in the market does not always meet the market expectations. Issues of market failure exist. This is as a result of the fact that the free forces of demand and supply do not always maximize welfare. Products such as public goods including healthcare cannot be solely delivered by private firms.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of News in Democracy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On these note, news delivered by media houses influenced by commercial interests, public interest is only served to the extent to which they coincide with the interests of the advertisers. Consequently, just the same way a public good may not be adequately provided to the public, news contains inadequate quantities of information of public interest. This is probably the most important reason why most countries have mai ntained public television and radio stations as public obligations are equally important to the state. The assumption that competition increases diversity and hence expands democracy may only be true in theory. This is so yet numerous policies have been developed to propagate higher competition to ensure that all interests are served. However, this approach has failed many times. Instead of achieving diversity in the delivery of news to propagate democracy duplication is the norm. Popular programs are simply duplicated across many competing media hence defeating the whole concept of diversity. According to analysts, modest competition is much better in achieving diversity of content in the media as opposed to the cut throat competition advocated for in the west. When a country has about three television stations each with one channel, then each of these competing stations will be tempted to duplicate the same popular news content in a bid to expand their market share. But if the cha nnels have one owner, then there is a likelihood that each of the channels would seek to offer different content t minimize competition. In this case then, decreased competition is seen to increase diversity. As mentioned above free press is critical input in any democracy. Even in the early days, early theorists argued that openness and publicity were the most important tools to protect the masses from tyrannical rulership. This made the media earn the title â€Å"the fourth estate† another arm of the government providing crucial checks and balances hence ensuring effective governance. An effective watchdog is important especially in democracies with weak institutions and huge political pressures. When the executive, judiciary and legislative arms of government are subject to corruption, only the media can check any abuse of power. Despite the risks, news in modern democracies has exposed presidents, prime ministers, judges and even legislators. In fact the watchdogs do not just watch out for corruption but also against some natural disasters. It is claimed that famine does not occur in functional democracies. This is because the media is always ready to fill the news agenda with information concerning the famine hence prompting necessary action towards elimination of the drought. The authorities cannot ignore such information because this would amount to political suicide.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The media also acts as a conduit between the governed and the governors. Through the discussions provided, policies are interrogated to ensure that they best fit the interests of the masses. As a request decision making is seen to incorporate those to be affected and there is improved relations and understanding between the two parties. This aide in the development of a civic culture among the masses which emphasizes on dialogue as opposed to conflict. Also, the media has become an important tool for poverty reduction as well as national reconciliation and popular empowerment. Issues of poverty reduction do not only entail reallocation of resources from the rich to the poor. It also entails availing information for the poor so that they are better able to participate in a bigger scale in the political as well as social processes. This is based on the understanding that it is difficult for the poor to push for their rights yet they do not even understand them. If the poor are not inf ormed about the laws and procedures followed in order to obtain their entitlements or remedy what is deprived then it is really difficult to uplift them from the poverty. This is so yet democracy cannot be said to be embedded in a society where the very poor and powerless cannot be heard. News does provide this information to the poor hence encouraging them to take part in public life (Keane, 2005, p215). In most cases news are structured in such a way as to ensure that they give a voice to the marginalized. When information about poverty gender and ethnic as well as religious discrimination come to the forefront through news, then the entire public is involved in unearthing the vice and bringing up commonly agreeable solutions against social injustices. This way, news can help ease social tensions and conflicts and also promote reconciliation among different social groupings. In other cases though the news agenda is used proxies to extend political battles. This can be retrospectiv e as it enables few powerful people to sow divisiveness rather than build consensus. Rather than propagate sober debates, news can elicit deep suspicion and hate as well as social mistrust. In such cases then the news do not serve to encourage democracy. This can build cynicism hence subverting democracy. In some countries the news agencies have brought down governments due to investigative reporting. This is evidenced by the fall of governments in Latin America as a result of sustained news coverage of human rights violations, corruption and other social ills. At least four presidents in the Latin America fell due to pressure from the media. Fernando Collor de Mello came down in 1992; in Ecuador, Abdala Bucara’s downfall was in 1997; Carlos Perez of Venezuela fell in 2003 while Alberto Fujimori of Ecuador fell in 2000. All these presidents fell due to exposure of massive corruption and undercut dealings which were blown out by credible media houses leaving the culprits with no choice but to leave office. Such outcomes gave a lot of credibility for viewers in the region (McCullagh, 2002, p88). However such brave reporting requires that the journalists be protected by a functional and independent judiciary as well as security forces. This creates a chicken and egg dilemma. The freedoms of the media may not be guaranteed if other government institutions are dysfunctional. However these institutions cannot be fully functional unless there are independent checks like the media. From this point then it is left to the crusading journalists with the nerve to broadcast critical news. Recommendations Democracy is definitely propagated through dissemination of news by the media whose rights are protected. In addition, the news has to be developed by people with the requisite skills to ensure in-depth and holistic reporting as demanded by modern day democracies. The power of the media cannot be under estimated thus requiring that news is developed in a manner that is not only accountable to the public but also in observation of both professional and ethical standards (Keane, 2005, p45). The authenticity of news to propagate democracy is only guaranteed when the media houses are financially stable and free from manipulation by the owners. The power of news is however enhanced when the reach is widespread towards a large part of the society. This is because democracy does suffer whenever a sizeable proportion of the society cannot be reached by the media. Numerous initiatives have been explored in a bid to ensure that news coverage is free from manipulation or control by the powerful in society. In countries with weak democracies there have been deliberate efforts to protect the journalists. This is because independent delivery of news will more often than not brush the powerful groups in the wrong ways. Therefore specific laws have been passed to guarantee the rights of journalists as well as those who blow the whistle. Outdated laws restrict information flow and also impose heavy penalties for libels and defamations which in effect stifle the efforts put by the media. In addition, many countries have press associations which are charged with the responsibility of monitoring media freedom and pointing out issues relating to any attempts to stifle the freedom of the press. This way the news content is largely protected from malicious interference. This speeds up the process of achieving even greater democracy. In conclusion, news remains the most important piece of media broadcasting as it disseminates direct reports to people with minimal requirement for further processing. The news are compressed and delivered at specific times to ensure maximum reach. This being the case, contents should be free from any partisan interest in order to paint the correct picture of the socio political and economic situation as this is what ensures that democracy thrives. Reference List Curran, J. 2005.†What democracy requires of th e media â€Å"in the press. Keane, J. 2005. â€Å"Journalism and democracy across borders† in the press ed.G. Overholser K. Hall Jamieson, London:Routledge. McCullagh, C. 2002. â€Å"The production of media messages: who sets the media agenda?† media power London: Palgrave. This essay on Importance of News in Democracy was written and submitted by user Cason Knapp to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Early and Classical Civilization Periods essays

Early and Classical Civilization Periods essays There are many differences and distinctions between the early civilization and classical civilization periods. Some of the distinctions of the classical civilizations include the rise of empires, central government, and conquest of other nations. While the early civilizations, were mainly a period of discovery and new constructions, and agriculture. During the early river valley civilization period, people from certain areas were just beginning to come together, and form allegiances and city-states. This was the time of Mesopotamia, Egpyt, and early China. This was when people first started learning about agriculture, and plant and animal domestication. People for the first time had started moving away from hunter-gatherer tribes, and settling down in one area. They had begun farming and raising livestock as a way of life. However, the period of the classical civilizations was a period of empires. The Persians, the Greeks, the Romans, China, and India had begun to rise as central powers. Emperors and Kings set out to form centralized governments, to conquer more land and expand their power. It was the time of philosophy and art. It was when language was flourishing. It was a time of relatively fast human progress. With the start of the early civilizations, people had recently discovered farming and domesticating animals. Agriculture itself was more of an accidental discovery. It started out with simple things such as animal droppings fertilizing the soil, and allowing for plant and crop growth. With more and more people discovering this concept, and more and more people migrating away, agriculture was spread across the regions relatively fast. This gave people a reason to move away from hunter-gatherer societies, and be able to settle in one area. With people being settled into one area, they became prone to more attacks from outsiders looking to loot and steal. This eventua...

I DONT HAVE ONE YET Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

I DONT HAVE ONE YET - Research Paper Example She had just been married for two years; and already was getting a lot of trouble in her marriage. She was really traumatized by the inevitably changing circumstances in her marriage following a strong and stable relationship she had had with her boyfriend. I remember when she was still in college and was really in love with her boyfriend Martin. Martin too loved her and this is the reason they got married immediately after finishing college. Liz was my best friend and this automatically qualified Martin as a good friend of mine. Consequently, we had many common friends because of this marriage and the friendship network. When Martin proposed divorce as a measure of solving their problems, we were all really devastated and Liz was too depressed to control the situation. I sympathized and empathized with her and at most times everything just went out of hand and I felt like I could no longer help in solving their situation. I too grew distressed of this. We no longer had good moments with Liz as we always deed since she spent most of her time in the bed weeping. Overtime she even grew cold and impossible to engage in a conversation. This reciprocated by withdrawing from our friendship and even withdrawing from her own self; she was no longer eating well nor caring fr her personal hygiene. There is a tremendous increase in divorce rates in the world today especially in the Northern America. In he United States of America, the current divorce rates lies at 50%. This typically means that 50% of America’s marriages end in dissolution (Cherlin Pgs 28-29). This is an alarming issue in the world today as divorce comes with many consequences that negatively involve even the innocent children that find themselves in the middle of such marriages. In Canada alone, statistics show that there are 2.11 divorces per every 500 families; there were 70,226 divorce cases in 2008 alone. This rate is a bit higher in America where there are 3.6 divorce cases per every 1,000 pe ople or 500 families (Cherlin Pg 29). The reasons for divorce varies from one region in the Northern America to another but the impacts are similar (Levinger & Oliver Pg 103). Divorce is a very bitter and heartbreaking monster to many families in the current generation. It mostly involves couples that at one point were very happy together, and they go through traumatizing moments to forget such days after divorce. It is so hard and it takes a long time and a lot of strength for such couples to overcome the confusion and trauma surrounding life, love and relationships. Martin had started withdrawing from Liz immediately they lost their first child at five months. Their child died of chronic pneumonia and Martin had always felt a sense of blame to Liz. He always accused her of negligence and lack of proper care to the child in terms proper and protective dressing of the child. Therefore, he withdrew from Liz after the child’s death and when Liz was devastated and tired of pursu ing Martin’s closeness, she too withdrew: not to me this time, bur to our other male friend Jack. Martin felt bad and in turn started being overprotective and jealous about Liz and Jack. At some point, he even engaged jack in a fight and the whole friendship network was falling apart. Liz instead withdrew further to a point that Martin proposed a divorce. This is when Liz again started to feel that she needed him more than

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS TO COURSE WORK ENVIRNOMENTAL SCIENCE Coursework

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS TO COURSE WORK ENVIRNOMENTAL SCIENCE - Coursework Example An example is the melting if the sea ice in the Arctic and glaciers as a result of global warming. Atom is delineated as a building block of any matter. It joins together the molecules which forms most of the objects around us. They are composed of protons, electrons and neutrons. The protons and neutrons are at the centre of the atoms called nucleus while the electrons orbit the nucleus. Protons have a positive charge; electrons have a negative charge while the neutrons don’t have any charge. Isotopes refer to the atoms with different numbers of neutrons. They are mainly denoted by different elementary symbols that are preceded by the mass number or the numbers of neutrons and protons in the atoms. For instance 2H (deuterium) is an isotope of the element hydrogen with a single neutron within the nucleus as opposed to the common 1H. Ions are atoms with extra electrons or missing electrons. When there is one or two electrons missing, there will be a positive charge while when there is an extra electron there will be a negative charge. (Wright, & Broose, 2011) The movement of electrons happens in the single covalent bonds. Two atoms of hydrogen for instance share their electrons when they bind together in order to form the hydrogen gas. An example is the formation of human blood, the ocean water and various metal alloys. (Wright, & Broose, 2011) Proteins- Made up of long chains of different organic molecules referred to as amino acids. The organisms combine up to 20 different amino acids into long chains. Proteins forms the largest part of organisms matter and perform different functions of the living changes. Animals for instance use proteins in the generation of hair, skin, tendons and muscles. Some proteins helps in storage energy, others facilitate transportation of substance, defends the organism against foreign attackers while others act as hormone, serve as enzymes. Nucleic acids – It facilitates directing of production of proteins. The

The Human Effect On The Ecosystem

The Human Effect On The Ecosystem Biodiversity has always been in a flux with species adapting to new environments or extinction but these circumstances are all through natural occurrences and through a period of thousands of years and so allowing the dependant consumers and trophic levels to adapt. However, since the Human population began to expand hugely since the industrial revolution we have been directly responsible for the extinction of dozens of species such as the Passenger pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius) and indirectly responsible for many others. As the human population continues to grow we will require more resources and to expand our living area, in this case we have exploited the natural resources to breaking point and have expanded into synthetic products that damage the ecosystem even further. The idea that we should be working to repair the damage that has been caused by our rapid growth is a relatively new concept and has still not been accepted by many countries but efforts are being made to protec t the remaining communities and ecosystems. Humans have modified ecosystems for our benefit such as agriculture which focuses on the mass production of a selected few products for our consumption; this is extremely effective in feeding a large population while incorporating only 3 trophic levels, the producer (crops), the primary and secondary consumers (humans, livestock). This method also benefits energy, keeping any loss at a minimum especially when combined with synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. However when looking at the damage this method causes to other populations there is huge fallout, we use pesticides which kill any local insect populations, and fertilizers run off the fields and contaminate the local areas, freshwater and coastal ecosystems both biotic and abiotic. we effectively destroy large areas to accommodate these fields which remove natural habitats for many species which places a huge pressure on the ecosystem (McShaffrey: http://www.marietta.edu/~mcshaffd/) Using biotechnology scientists have adapted blue green algae to act as a cost-effective bio fertilizer, utilising its natural nitrogen fixation to add nutrients to crops instead of relying on the more harmful, synthetic fertilizer, reducing harmful effects of the man-made substances, using natural bio waste and recycling energy flows far more efficiently. http://agritech.tnau.ac.in/org_farm/orgfarm_biofertilizertechnology.html) [emailprotected] Department of Agricultural Microbiology The human effect on the ecosystem has damaged many areas both directly and indirectly such as pollution, climate change and introduction of foreign species. In the last 50 years the global economic activity has increased 7 fold in the last 50 years and trends suggest that as our population continues to rise the ecosystem will suffer more http://www.greenfacts.org. Land and forests are in greater demand for agricultural, industrial and housing which destroy natural habitats of native species and force them out. Forest fragmentation increases the risk of extinction as the smaller a space the smaller the population it can support. Combining this with the introduction of alien species, i.e. imported from other countries and then escape into a new ecosystem, this is a major cause of the extinction to local species such as the American mink escaping into the British countryside, this non-native carnivore has posed a significant threat to fish, poultry and game birds, The introduction of ne w diseases that can prove devastating, Dutch elm disease has wiped out the British elm tree which then saw a huge decline in the producers for oxygen and allowed more non-native trees to grow in their place. (UK Pest Control Directory | Pest Control UK | www.pestcontrol-uk.org.) With recent attempts to cut our ecological footprint and ease pressure on the ecosystem as much as possible we have introduced measures that manage as much of our resources as possible, Protected areas and set-aside fields have given wildlife a chance to recover its nutrients from decades of abuse while the government allows a subsidy to the farmers that do this. While protected areas such as these are a good start it is not sufficient to recover biodiversity. The restoration process is producing strong results and is evolving rapidly due to increased awareness and changes in priority, Using a holistic approach Restoration technology is now able to return certain damaged areas of ecosystems to their natural balance . (B. C. Rana Damaged Ecosystems and Restoration) Ecological damage is now a large part of political arguments, bringing them to the public attention and changing the public attitude towards these issues as well. Ecosystems are already showing negative impacts under current levels of climate change à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ which is modest compared to future projected changesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. In addition to warming temperatures, more frequent extreme weather events and changing patterns of rainfall and drought can be expected to have significant impacts on biodiversity. (Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (2010) Pollutants such as oil, gas fumes, and synthetic chemicals have created the most widespread impact to the ecosystem with temperatures in flux, the polar icecaps melting, acid rain and the damage to the Ozone layer. Native plants are unable to thrive in the acid rich soils making for fewer producers and less for the primary consumers to absorb this carries throughout the chain (Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009) In conclusion, While biodiversity is still present it is true that the increased pressure has from pollutants and destruction of natural environments has greatly affected the progress, wiping out many species and allowing other to thrive in their stead have changed the ecosystem entirely. However since the introduction of conservation policies there are signs that damage is slowing, but not significantly, ultimately in order for the biodiversity to recover to a sustainable amount we need to employ a strict long term plan to reduce any further growth and concentrate on technology or holistic remedies to repair any recoverable damage from the environments Environmental Biology Sequence Ecosystems. 2013. Environmental Biology Sequence Ecosystems. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.marietta.edu/~biol/102/ecosystem.html#HumanvsNaturalFoodChains7 UK Pest Control Directory | Pest Control UK | www.pestcontrol-uk.org.

American Pit Bull Terriers

The history of modern American Pit Bull Terrier, often abbreviated as APBT, started in England and the early 19th century. The breed resulted from crosses of terriers with bully type dogs. In those times, the ancestors of modern American Pit Bull Terriers were used as working dogs to control unruly bulls for butchers and farmers. They were also used for the cruel sport of bull baiting. However, the historians point out the year 1835 as the turning point in the history of pit bulls, when the practice of bull baiting was replaced by the practice of another bloody sport of dog fighting.That’s why it won’t be a mistake to say that the breed has fighting origins. The first breed registry for the registration and acceptance of pit bulls was started in 1898 by Chauncy Bennet and called the UKC. He wanted to create an organization that would represent the breed as performance dogs and he added â€Å"American† and tried to eliminate â€Å"Pit† from the APBT’ s name but â€Å"Pit† was added back soon. The requirement for a dog to become a part of the UKC was the victory in three fights at minimum, but this requirement became history with the time.Second oldest organization dedicated to pit bulls, American Dog Breeders Association, was formed in 1909 by Guy McCord. The ultimate goal of the association was to probe the performance quality of a pit bull without actual dog fight. Around that time the AKC registered pit bulls under the name of the Staffordshire Terrier. This was changed to the American Staffordshire Terrier in the year 1972. Pit bulls and American Staffordshire Terriers displayed physically identity until 1936.It was the year when American Staffordshire Terriers were bred for conformation only and their breed requirements were moving to more and more stringent, while pit bulls were bred for both fighting and conformation shows. American Staffordshire Terriers became flashier with blockier heads, larger chests and a thi cker jaw, and pit bulls varied phenotypically. Modern pit bulls can be easily recognized by the following characteristic: they are â€Å"blocky and broad, the head's classic chiseled appearance, packed with bulging muscle, combines character with strength.† (O'Neil, 1995, p. 5) Breed standards say that an ideal dog should be medium-sized, solidly built, short-coated dog with smooth, well-defined musculature. Ears are small to medium in size, high set, and may be natural or cropped. The dog can be of all colours and colour patterns, except merde. The head of pit bull is the pivotal element of breed type, being large and broad to create the impression of great power, but never disproportionate to the size of the whole dog.The head should be shaped like a broad and blunt wedge when viewed from the front. The neck should be of moderate length and muscular. The shoulder blades should be muscular as well, and also long, wide, and well laid back. The chest should be deep, well fille d in, and moderately wide, but the chest can’t be wider than it is deep. The feet have to be round, proportionate to the size of the body, well arched, and tight.Faults of the dog include bulky or muscle-bound or fine-boned and rangy appearance, level bite, snipey muzzle, flews, weak lower jaw, short or thick or weak or ewe neck, dewlap, upright or loaded shoulders, elbows turned outward or tied-in, down at the pasterns, front legs bowed, wrists knuckled over, toeing in or out, narrow hindquarters, hindquarters shallow from pelvis to crotch, lack of muscle, straight or over angulated stifle joint, cow hocks, sickle hocks, bowed legs, splayed feet, long tail, curly, wavy, or sparse coat, legs not moving on the same plane, legs over reaching, legs crossing over in front or rear, rear legs moving too close or touching, rolling, pacing, paddling, sidewinding, hackney action, pounding. Serious faults are bulging eyes, both eyes not matched in color, blue eyes, undershot, or oversh ot bite, wry mouth, missing teeth, gay or kinked tail.Disqualification is bobbed tail, long coat, merle, albinism, unilateral or bilateral cryptorchid, viciousness or extreme shyness, unilateral or bilateral deafness. As for the temperament, pit bulls are bred to be exceptionally sturdy and extremely human friendly, athletic, courageous, and tenacious. Pi bulls are also â€Å"known for being highly adaptable. They can change owners and move to another home with ease, provided their new family gives them attention and love. Pit Bulls are excellent at discerning when to show affection and when to show aggression. † (O'Neil, 1995, p. 33) What is true, however, is that an owner should carefully socialize and obedience train the dog because pit bulls can occasionally exhibit some level of dog aggression, which is different from human aggression anyway.But in general, these dogs show strength, indomitable courage, and gentleness with loved ones. This is â€Å"a dog that combined t he gameness of the terrier with the strength and athleticism of the Bulldog. † (The Rare Breed Dog Association, 2004, para. 1) As for the breed specific legislation, it generally bans or restricts particular breeds or mixes. A dog of a banned breed can be confiscated by the authorities and killed. A dog of a restricted breed must be confined, muzzled, chained, or restricted in other ways and owners must provide proof of liability insurance that covers dog bites. In some jurisdictions, dogs of restricted breeds and mixes must be identified by microchip or tattoo and have mug shots on file with police.Pit bulls are banned in Lynnville, Tennessee; Chamberlain, South Dakota; Pawtucket, Rhode Island; Minot, North Dakota; Salisbury and Carl Junction, Missouri; Inman, Kansas; Lockridge, Iowa; Stone Park and Buffalo Grove (restricted), Illinois; North Little Rock, Arkansas. Ohio state declared pit bulls as dangerous and vicious dogs. Many people believe that the application of breed s pecific legislation is unfair, because it often rests on myths and misconceptions. Breed specific legislation is a regulation of the right to own a dog based solely on the breed of dog, not one’s responsibility as an owner. Pit bulls are largely misunderstood and misrepresented by the public today, and there is a clear and consistent need to debunk some myths and falsehoods about the breed.One of the most widespread myths about pit bull terriers is that they are inherently aggressive. However, the facts say the opposite. While pit bulls were bred to be courageous and utterly devoid of pain sensations, they were never bred to be aggressive. Pit bulls were not only fighting breed, but family pets as well, therefore no aggression towards humans has ever been tolerated. Moreover, it would be simply impossible to control an aggressive dog before or after a fight. Pit bulls that showed human aggression were typically shoot, that’s why only human friendly lines were desired a nd perpetuated. Indeed, â€Å"[a] Pit Bull with the correct temperament will not threaten to attack a human without a very good reason†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (O'Neil, 1995, p. 32)The facts clearly show that pit bulls â€Å"are not the stereotypical devil dog put forth in media myths. They are companion animals who have enhanced the lives of many through their devoted people-loving natures, positively channeled physical prowess, bravery, and intelligence. Pit Bulls have served key roles in search-and-rescue efforts, excel in agility training, and work nationwide as therapy and service dogs. † (PAW, n/d. , â€Å"The Truth About Pit Bulls†, para. 1) Another popular myth about pit bulls is that they have a locking jaw and 1600 P. S. I. in jaw pressure. But these dogs don’t â€Å"have a triple-hinged jaw capable of extraordinary feats of strength.As any owner of a ball-crazy Golden retriever will tell you, the clamp of the jaw is as much a function of psychology as physiolo gy, and any dog can clamp down beyond the capability of a human to pry open. † (Keith, 2005, para. 10) Still, there are some important facts an owner should know about his or her dog. Training is very important for pit bulls. â€Å"Training is the jewel in the crown-the most important aspect of doggy husbandry. † (O'Neil, 1995, p. 98) American Canine Temperament Testing Association organized special tests for dogs’ temperament, and 95% of the American Pit Bull Terriers passed, compared to a 77% passing rate for all breeds in general.Moreover, APBTs had a passing rate that was the fourth highest of all 122 breeds tested. (PAW, n/d. , â€Å"Myth-Busters†, para. 5) But there are several things each owner should consider about his or her pet. â€Å"Pit Bulls are strong and energetic, so we recommend that owners take them to obedience classes as soon as they are up to date on shots. Pit Bulls suffer from prejudice and misunderstanding, so ownership requires a willingness to consider your neighbors' concerns and educate them. † (PAW, n/d. , â€Å"Being Aware and Prepared†, para. 1-2) Life with a well-trained pit bull is a sheer pleasure. These dogs â€Å"are wonderful, loyal, intelligent companions and are truly people-dogs; they want and need companionship of their owners.One of their most prominent breed traits is reliability with and friendliness to people, so some people call them ‘pet bulls. ’ Pit Bulls are extremely affectionate and love to cuddle. Pit Bulls also make great athletic partners and often excel in obedience work. † (PAW, n/d. , para. 1) The dog â€Å"is usually very friendly, but has an uncanny ability to know when it needs to protect and when everything is okay [but] can be willful and needs a firm hand. † (DogBreedInfo. com, n/d. , â€Å"Temperament†) So pit bull owners experience so much joy in being with their dogs. However, these dogs are suitable for people possessing certain traits of character.â€Å"If dogs could choose their owners instead of the other way around, American Pit Bull Terriers would probably look for owners who are blessed with high spirits and the joy of living. † (O'Neil, 1995, p. 37) These dogs make excellent family companions and have always been noted for their devoted love of children. Still, pit bulls are not recommended for those who don’t have enough (or at least some) experience with dogs; wants a dog as a macho status symbol; tends to be irresponsible, lax or neglectful; is not very familiar with the breed; expects to let their dog run around off-leash in public places. (Kovary, 1999) Dogs do well in urban settings but should have enough exercise and other positive outlets for their energy and vitality.They are generally good with children, but a senior dog is recommended for the households with small kids. Pit bulls are loving and very loyal companions for owners, especially if the owners establish thei r leadership in a humane and consistent way. Pit bulls should always respect and obey the owner. Therefore, we see that American Pit Bull Terrier is a dog with its peculiar history and characteristics, surrounded by many myths and ambiguities. References O'Neil, J. The American Pit Bull Terrier: An Owner's Guideto a Happy Healthy Pet. New York: Howell Book House, 2nd ed. , 1995. The Rare Breed Dog Association in the United States of America. â€Å"American Pit Bull Terrier: Official U. K. C.Breed Standard. † 21 October 2004. 17 October 2005. PAW. â€Å"Pet Bull Corner. † N/d. 17 October 2005. Keith, C. â€Å"Triple-Hinged Jaws of Doom†¦ And Other Myths About the Pit Bull. † 2005. 17 October 2005. DogBreedInfo. com. â€Å"American Pit Bull Terrier. † N/d. 17 October 2005. Kovary, R. â€Å"The St. Francis Terrier — Rediscovering The American Pit Bull Terrier. † American Dog Trainers Network. 1999. 17 October 2005.

BayState Realty Case Study Essay

1. Use a table to identify the software products sited above that fall within the following categories of software: System Software General Purpose Software Application Specific Software An operating system built to control and operate the hardware system Protect the firm’s hardware platforms from intrusion, malware, and computer viruses Dell laptops and desktop computers running Microsoft’s Windows operating system Allows users to accomplish simple computer related tasks Standardizes and minimizes implementation costs Facilitates staff training Microsoft Office, Internet Explorer, Microsoft Outlook, and Microsoft SharePoint For an end user Document and management system The CRM system, an Accounting System, a Human Resource Management System, a Real Estate Sales Documentation and Management System, and a Rental Property Management System 2. Use a second table to identify and explain the various elements in the total cost of software ownership and then list the steps taken by the CIO to limit the firm’s software TCO expenditures. Elements in the Total Cost of Software Ownership Steps Taken by the CIO to Limit the Firm’s Software TCO Expenditures Software and hardware upgrades Time to renew hardware and software Training for new and current employees Hiring MIS or IT personnel Sale Price Licensing 1. Focus on the procurement and deployment of a limited set of well-established, off-the-shelf products 2. Negotiate favorable licensing terms with Microsoft for the initial acquisition of products, to standardize and minimize implementation costs, and to limit firm investments in ongoing staff training and product documentation and support 3. Work closely with their line-of-business colleagues to select best-in-breed application specific software 4. Adapt their business processes to make the best use of the software and by doing so, better control the TCO for that software 5. Implement Linux (an open source software product) as the operating system of choice for servers running shared applications 3. List the reasons why BayState Realty chose to go with off-the-shelf software instead of developing their own software packages in house. BayState is mainly focused on their real estate agencies, so by doing so they can continue to focus on their business which means it is preferable for them to go with off-the-shelf software The software has already been tested by the company. Besides the test, the software company also provides warranty service It is available for computer shops, so there are lots of computer shops solving Window software problems It can easily find the same users so they can share their experiences easily and answer any questions about the system 4. List the reasons why it makes sense to go with Linux. Be sure to include how this particular use of open source software mitigates the risks typically associated with the choice of an open source software product. Linux is free or cheaper so it is beneficial for users that it is not owned by the company The software is unlikely to get computer viruses or other malware Hardware independent – operating system in advance and advantage Community relationship – Instead of establishing customer relationships, Linux shares with lots of vendors and is part of the community not a single user. Interoperability – able to connect to networks and communities easily You can select the best tools you need 5. Compare the advantages and the disadvantages associated with outsourcing the hosting of the firm’s three web sites. Advantages: Hosts the firm’s three Web sites Saves time – Do not have to spend time to manage the website Better equipped – Proficiency in creation, innovation, and design Low cost – helps customers manage their money wisely Use the correct Internet strategy, like formulating marketing programs Disadvantages: Hidden cost – it has a low cost for website outsourcing, but there are several costs behind the price, such as signing a contract Exposing data – BayState Company is sharing their information with a third party Lack of focusing on their customers – instead of customizing, vendor may be creating an expertise-need

Vygotsky And Vygotsky s Theory Of Development - 791 Words

Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky are prominent influential figures in the field of developmental psychology. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast their theories of development, as well as identified what can be gained through a better understanding of the theories. A Brief Summary of the Theories of Piaget and Vygotsky Piaget’s theory of development is based on four stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stage. Piaget believed development was autonomous and individuals went through all stages, albeit some at different rates (Blake and Pope, 2008). Piaget believed children developed knowledge from within (Lourenco, 2012). Lev Vygotsky s work is centered around the basis that development is shaped through an individual s social interactions and cultural influence (Lourenco, 2012). In Vygotsky s concept of the zone of proximal development, he studied what an individual can do without help and what an individual can do with scaffolding from an adult (Blake and Pope, 2008). Similarities in the Theories of Piaget and Vygotsky While Piaget and Vygotsky are thought to be quiet different in their theories of development, similarities can be found. Both men believed in a developmental perspective and t hat development involves interaction within one s own environment. In Piaget s assimilation/accommodation and Vygotsky s internalization/externalization, a learner uses these processes to make sense of new information.Show MoreRelatedVygotsky And Vygotsky s Theory Of Cognitive Development Of Thought And Language Essay1060 Words   |  5 PagesAilà ­n Florencia Thought and Language: independent processes. With the passing of time, the development of thought and language has been the object of study for psychologists such as Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky. 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